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Sharp EL-8

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</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Sharp EL-8</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Sharp EL-8 of 1971</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp Corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduced</th><td class="infobox-data">1970 or 1971</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Sharp_QT-8D" title="Sharp QT-8D">QT-8D</a>, <a href="Sharp_QT-8B" title="Sharp QT-8B">QT-8B</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cost</th><td class="infobox-data">JP¥84,800, US$345</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Calculator</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Display type</th><td class="infobox-data">8-digit <a href="Vacuum_fluorescent_display" title="Vacuum fluorescent display">vacuum fluorescent display</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Power supply</th><td class="infobox-data">6 <a href="Nickel-cadmium_battery" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickel-cadmium battery">Ni–Cd</a> <a href="AA_battery" title="AA battery">AA batteries</a> (450 mAh in total) or AC adapter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Power consumption</th><td class="infobox-data">~1W</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight</th><td class="infobox-data">0.72 kg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">164 × 102 × 70 mm</td></tr></tbody></table>

The Sharp EL-8, also known as the ELSI-8,<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a> was one of the earliest mass-produced hand-held electronic <a href="Calculator" title="Calculator">calculators</a><a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a> and the first hand-held calculator to be made by <a href="Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp Corporation</a>. Introduced around the start of 1971,<a href="#cite_note-6">[note 1]</a> it was based on Sharp's preceding <a href="Sharp_QT-8D" title="Sharp QT-8D">QT-8D</a> and <a href="Sharp_QT-8B" title="Sharp QT-8B">QT-8B</a> compact desktop calculators and used the same logic circuits, but it was redesigned to fit in a much smaller case.

Most electronic calculators before the EL-8 were intended for desktop use.<a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a> Sharp's predecessor to the EL-8, the battery-powered QT-8B, was just a portable version of a compact desk calculator.<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a> The EL-8 was much smaller, small enough to be used in one's hand: 164 mm (6.46 in) long, 102 mm (4.02 in) wide, and 70 mm (2.76 in) thick, and weighing 0.72 kg (1.59 lb) with batteries.<a href="#cite_note-electronics-7">[6]</a> Although it was still too bulky to easily fit in a pocket,<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a> it was an important step toward the development of the pocket calculator.<a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a>

The EL-8's original price in Japan was 84,800 <a href="Japanese_yen" title="Japanese yen">Japanese yen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dentaku-3">[3]</a> The retail price in 1971 was US$345 (equivalent to US$2,308 in 2021).<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-inflation-8">[7]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation_and_design">Operation and design</h2></div>

The operation and performance of the EL-8 are identical to its predecessor calculators, the QT-8D and QT-8B, because its logic circuits use the same set of four <a href="Rockwell_International" title="Rockwell International">Rockwell</a>-manufactured <a href="Large-scale_integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Large-scale integration">large-scale</a> <a href="Integrated_circuit" title="Integrated circuit">integrated circuits</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shirriff1220-9">[8]</a> Likewise, its keyboard has the same layout, including the combined <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">

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</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">×÷</kbd> key,<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a> and it also uses magnetic <a href="Reed_switch" title="Reed switch">reed switches</a>.<a href="#cite_note-classiccmp-10">[9]</a>

The display, like that of the QT-8D, is an 8-digit <a href="Vacuum_fluorescent_display" title="Vacuum fluorescent display">vacuum fluorescent display</a> with nine individual tubes: eight digit tubes and a single extra tube for the minus sign and overflow indicator. As with the QT-8D, the tubes are Iseden "itron" tubes<a href="#cite_note-11">[note 2]</a> with the same distinctive "handwritten" digit style and the same half-height "0". However, unlike the QT-8D, the EL-8 digit tubes only have <a href="Eight-segment_display" title="Eight-segment display">eight segments to form digits</a>, and the EL-8's extra tube is positioned at the top right corner of the display instead of at its right end. A separate lamp serves as a power indicator.<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-classiccmp-10">[9]</a>

Power is supplied by an integrated <a href="Rechargeable_battery" title="Rechargeable battery">rechargeable</a> <a href="Battery_pack" title="Battery pack">battery pack</a> or by an external <a href="Battery_charger" title="Battery charger">battery charger</a>, which also serves as an <a href="AC_adapter" title="AC adapter">AC adapter</a> to allow the calculator to operate from <a href="Mains_electricity" title="Mains electricity">AC power</a>.<a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a> The battery pack (model EL-84)<a href="#cite_note-classiccmp-10">[9]</a> contains six <a href="Nickel-cadmium_battery" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickel-cadmium battery">nickel-cadmium</a> <a href="AA_battery" title="AA battery">AA batteries</a> connected in <a href="Series_and_parallel_circuits" title="Series and parallel circuits">series</a>, giving a total <a href="Voltage" title="Voltage">voltage</a> of 7.2 <a href="Volts" class="mw-redirect" title="Volts">volts</a><a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a> and, with the original batteries, a total capacity of 450 <a href="MAh" class="mw-redirect" title="MAh">mAh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-electronics-7">[6]</a> (Present-day nickel-cadmium AA batteries have much greater capacity.) Battery life with the original batteries is about three hours,<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a> which gives an average power usage of about one <a href="Watt" title="Watt">watt</a>. The battery charger (model EL-81) supplies power to the calculator's charging input at voltages of 8.7 and 9.6 <a href="Volts" class="mw-redirect" title="Volts">volts</a>;<a href="#cite_note-classiccmp-10">[9]</a> the combined input power rating is about 3.2 watts.<a href="#cite_note-rechnerwiki-12">[10]</a>

The EL-8's battery pack is much smaller than that of the QT-8B, and this was critical in reducing the EL-8's size and weight. However, these smaller batteries have much less capacity, and in order to maintain reasonable battery life, power usage had to be drastically cut. This was done by various improvements in the electronics, especially in the display. The QT-8B's display tubes are driven by discrete <a href="Transistor" title="Transistor">transistors</a>; to reduce the number of transistors needed, only one tube is lit at a time, and the circuitry cycles through the tubes in rapid sequence. The rapid switching from tube to tube requires load <a href="Resistor" title="Resistor">resistors</a> which absorb a lot of power. In the EL-8, the display tubes are driven by integrated circuits containing multiple transistors, and all of the tubes are kept lit constantly. No switching is required and no load resistors are needed, so much less power is used. Furthermore, because each tube in the QT-8B is only lit for a fraction of the time, the tubes need a high momentary brightness in order to get a reasonable average brightness, so they must be driven with a high voltage, requiring a separate high-voltage power supply. Since the EL-8 tubes are kept constantly lit, they don't have to be as bright, so the driving voltage can be lower and a separate high-voltage supply is not needed. In addition to the display improvements, the EL-8 also has a more efficient <a href="Clock_generator" title="Clock generator">clock generator</a> circuit for its logic than the QT-8B. Together, these changes reduced the EL-8's power usage to less than a third of that of the QT-8B.<a href="#cite_note-electronics-7">[6]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_models">Related models</h2></div>

Sharp also produced a version of the EL-8 without batteries called the EL-8A. This was offered at a lower price, about US$300 (equivalent to US$2,007 in 2021).<a href="#cite_note-inflation-8">[7]</a> Since this version lacks batteries, it is somewhat lighter and requires an AC adapter for power. The power connector is also slightly different, having an extra contact.<a href="#cite_note-datamath_el8a-13">[11]</a>

In addition to its own EL-8 and EL-8A, Sharp also built <a href="OEM" class="mw-redirect" title="OEM">OEM</a> versions of the EL-8 for the Swedish office machine company <a href="Facit" title="Facit">Facit</a> and its subsidiary <a href="AB_Addo" title="AB Addo">Addo</a>, which sold them as the Facit 1111 and the Addo-X 9364. These have the same internals as the EL-8, but the case and keycaps are different.<a href="#cite_note-vintage-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_facit-14">[12]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Some sources claim the EL-8's introduction was in January 1971,<a href="#cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-dentaku-3">[3]</a> others claim it was in November 1970.<a href="#cite_note-datamath-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-wolff-5">[5]</a>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> "Iseden" is an abbreviation for the manufacturer's full name, Ise Denshi Kōgyō Kabushiki Kaisha (伊勢電子工業株式会社, "Ise Electronics Industry Stock Company"), known in English as Ise Electronics Corporation.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFNigel_Tout" class="citation web cs1">Nigel Tout. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vintagecalculators.com/html/sharp_el-8.html">"Sharp EL-8, Facit 1111, & Addo-X 9364"</a>. Vintage Calculators Web Museum. Retrieved October 7, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-oldcalc_el8-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_el8_2-6">g</a> <cite id="CITEREFRick_Bensene" class="citation web cs1">Rick Bensene. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldcalculatormuseum.com/sharpel-8.html">"Sharp EL-8 'Handheld' Electronic Calculator"</a>. The Old Calculator Web Museum. Retrieved October 8, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-dentaku-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dentaku_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dentaku_3-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFShinichiro_Osaki" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shinichiro Osaki. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dentaku-museum.com/calc/calc/1-sharp/2-elled/elled.html#el8">"シャープ EL シリーズ（ポケット蛍光管タイプ）: EL-8"</a> [Sharp EL series (pocket fluorescent-tube type): EL-8]. Dentaku Museum (in Japanese). Retrieved October 8, 2010.</cite>

"In January 1971, a small, portable electronic calculator was released....The price at that time was 84,800 yen. (1971年1月に発売された小型、携帯型電卓。...当時の価格 84,800円。, 1971 nen 1 gatsu ni hatsubai sareta kogata, keitaigata dentaku....Touji no kakaku 84,800 en.)"

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<li id="cite_note-datamath-4"><a href="#cite_ref-datamath_4-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJoerg_Woerner" class="citation web cs1">Joerg Woerner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.datamath.org/Related/Sharp/EL-8.htm">"Sharp EL-8"</a>. Datamath Calculator Museum. Retrieved October 8, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-wolff-5"><a href="#cite_ref-wolff_5-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJohn_Wolff" class="citation web cs1">John Wolff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.johnwolff.id.au/calculators/Sharp/EL8-8M/EL8-8M.htm">"Sharp EL-8 and EL-8M Portable Calculators"</a>. John Wolff's Web Museum. Retrieved July 30, 2014.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-electronics-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-electronics_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-electronics_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-electronics_7-2">c</a> <cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SbWzAAAAIAAJ&q=%22How+to+cut+a+pocket+calculator+in+half%22">"How to cut a pocket calculator in half"</a>. Electronics. 44: 120. February 1971. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-5070">0013-5070</a>. Retrieved October 7, 2010.</cite>

<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vintagecalculators.com/html/sharp_el-8.html">Nigel Tout's EL-8 page</a> includes an extended quote from this article.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-inflation-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation_8-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm">"CPI Inflation Calculator"</a>. <a href="Bureau_of_Labor_Statistics" title="Bureau of Labor Statistics">Bureau of Labor Statistics</a>. Retrieved October 6, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Shirriff1220-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Shirriff1220_9-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFShirriff2020" class="citation web cs1">Shirriff, Ken (December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.righto.com/2020/12/reverse-engineering-clock-chip-in-first.html">"Reverse-engineering the clock chip in the first MOS calculator"</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-classiccmp-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-classiccmp_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-classiccmp_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-classiccmp_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-classiccmp_10-3">d</a> <cite id="CITEREFAlex_Knight" class="citation web cs1">Alex Knight. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classiccmp.org/calcmuseum/EarlySharp.htm">"Early Sharp Calculators Internal Photographs"</a>. The Calculator Museum Web Page. Retrieved October 8, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-rechnerwiki-12"><a href="#cite_ref-rechnerwiki_12-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFFritz_Gallwitz" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fritz Gallwitz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.schlepptops.de/wiki/index.php?title=Sharp_EL-8">"Sharp EL-8"</a>. Rechnerwiki (in German). Retrieved October 6, 2010.</cite> (See photo of back panel.)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-datamath_el8a-13"><a href="#cite_ref-datamath_el8a_13-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJoerg_Woerner" class="citation web cs1">Joerg Woerner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.datamath.org/Related/Sharp/EL-8A.htm">"Sharp EL-8A"</a>. Datamath Calculator Museum. Retrieved October 9, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-oldcalc_facit-14"><a href="#cite_ref-oldcalc_facit_14-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRick_Bensene" class="citation web cs1">Rick Bensene. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldcalculatormuseum.com/facit.html">"Facit 1111 'Handheld' Electronic Calculator"</a>. The Old Calculator Web Museum. Retrieved October 7, 2010.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li>Two Sharp television ads for the EL-8 (called "ELSI-8" in the ads): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sharp_calculator">ad 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sharp_calculator_2">ad 2</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.curtamania.com/curta/database/brand/sharp/Sharp%20EL-8/index.html">The Sharp EL-8 family</a></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFShirriff2020" class="citation web cs1">Shirriff, Ken (December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.righto.com/2020/12/reverse-engineering-early-calculator.html">"Reverse-engineering an early calculator chip with four-phase logic"</a>.</cite></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Sharp_Corporation417" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp Corporation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions and subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dynabook_Inc." title="Dynabook Inc.">Dynabook Inc.</a></li>

<li><a href="Sharp_Solar" title="Sharp Solar">Sharp Solar</a></li>

<li><a href="Takaya" title="Takaya">Takaya</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Optonica" title="Optonica">Optonica</a>1</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint ventures and shareholdings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Pioneer_Corporation" title="Pioneer Corporation">Pioneer Corporation</a></li>

<li><a href="Sharp_NEC_Display_Solutions" title="Sharp NEC Display Solutions">Sharp NEC Display Solutions</a> (66%)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Calculators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Sharp_EL-500W_series" title="Sharp EL-500W series">EL-500W series</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laptops and portables</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sharp_Actius" title="Sharp Actius">Actius</a>

<li><a href="Sharp_Actius_MM10_Muramasas" title="Sharp Actius MM10 Muramasas">MM10 Muramasas</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sharp_WideNote" title="Sharp WideNote">WideNote</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pocket computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Sharp_Wizard" title="Sharp Wizard">Wizard</a></li>

<li><a href="Sharp_Zaurus" title="Sharp Zaurus">Zaurus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Home computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_X68000_games" title="List of X68000 games">list of games</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hotbit" title="Hotbit">Hotbit</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Sharp_mobile_phones" title="List of Sharp mobile phones">Mobile phones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Televisions and displays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sharp_Aquos" title="Sharp Aquos">Aquos</a></li>

<li><a href="Sharp_Nintendo_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharp Nintendo Television">Nintendo Television</a></li>

<li><a href="Quattron" title="Quattron">Quattron</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_Famicom_Naizou_TV_SF1" title="Super Famicom Naizou TV SF1">Super Famicom Naizou TV SF1</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Famicom_Titler" class="mw-redirect" title="Famicom Titler">Famicom Titler</a></li>

<li><a href="Twin_Famicom" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin Famicom">Twin Famicom</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tokuji_Hayakawa" title="Tokuji Hayakawa">Tokuji Hayakawa</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abenobashi_Terminal_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Abenobashi Terminal Building">Abenobashi Terminal Building</a></li>

<li><a href="Abeno-ku%2C_Osaka" title="Abeno-ku, Osaka">Abeno-ku</a></li>

<li><a href="Yaita%2C_Tochigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaita, Tochigi">Yaita</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li>1Now integrated into other Sharp divisions or business groupings</li></ul>

<ul><li> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-08" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Sharp_EL-8&oldid=1294490364">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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